WindowsForm实现警告消息框的实例代码

警告消息框主要是用来向用户户展示诸如警告、异常、完成和提示消息。一般实现的效果就是从系统窗口右下角弹出，然后加上些简单的显示和消失的动画。

创建警告框窗口

首先我们创建一个警告框窗口(Form)，将窗口设置为无边框(FormBoderStyle=None)，添加上图片和内容显示控件

创建好警告框后，我们先让他能够从窗口右下角显示出来,

  public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
  {
    public AlertMessageForm()
    {
      InitializeComponent();
    }

    private int x, y;

    public void Show(string message)
    {
      this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
      this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
      this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height;
      this.Location = new Point(x, y);
      labelContent.Text = message;
      this.Show();
    }
  }

警告框显示和关闭动画

添加一个计时器，通过时钟控制窗口背景渐入和淡出

  // 警告框的行为（显示，停留，退出）
  public enum AlertFormAction
  {
    Start,
    Wait,
    Close
  }

  public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
  {
    public AlertMessageForm()
    {
      InitializeComponent();
    }

    private int x, y;
    private AlertFormAction action;

    private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      switch (action)
      {
        case AlertFormAction.Start:
          timer1.Interval = 50;//警告显示的时间
          this.Opacity += 0.1;
          if (this.Opacity == 1.0)
          {
            action = AlertFormAction.Wait;
          }
          break;
        case AlertFormAction.Wait:
          timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
          action = AlertFormAction.Close;
          break;
        case AlertFormAction.Close:
          timer1.Interval = 50;//警告退出的时间
          this.Opacity -= 0.1;
          if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
          {
            this.Close();
          }
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }

    public void Show(string message)
    {
      //设置窗口启始位置
      this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
      this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
      this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height;
      this.Location = new Point(x, y);

      labelContent.Text = message;
      this.Opacity = 0.0;

      this.Show();

      action = AlertFormAction.Start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.Start();
    }
  }

处理多种不同类型的警告框

添加AlertType枚举，让警告框显示不同类型的消息，根据消息类型变换不同的消息主题颜色,并未Show方法添加警告框类型参数

  public enum AlertType
  {
    Info,
    Success,
    Warning,
    Error
  }

 // 设置警告框主题
 private void SetAlertTheme(AlertType type)
 {
   switch (type)
   {
     case AlertType.Info:
       this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.info;
       this.BackColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
       break;
     case AlertType.Success:
       this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.success;
       this.BackColor = Color.SeaGreen;
       break;
     case AlertType.Warning:
       this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.warning;
       this.BackColor = Color.DarkOrange;
       break;
     case AlertType.Error:
       this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.error;
       this.BackColor = Color.DarkRed;
       break;
     default:
       break;
   }
 }

 // 显示警告框
 public void Show(string message, AlertType type){
  // ...
  SetAlertTheme(type);
 }

处理多个警告框重叠问题

当然，完成上面的处理是不够的，当有多个消息的时候，消息框会重叠在一起；多个消息时，需要将消息窗口按一定的规则排列，这里我们设置每个消息窗口间隔一定的距离

    public void Show(string message, AlertType type)
    {
      // 设置窗口启始位置
      this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

      // 设置程序每个打开的消息窗口的位置，超过10个就不做处理，这个可以根据自己的需求设定
      string fname;
      for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
      {
        fname = "alert" + i.ToString();
        AlertMessageForm alert = (AlertMessageForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
        if (alert == null)
        {
          this.Name = fname;
          this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
          this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
          this.Location = new Point(x, y);
          break;
        }
      }

      labelContent.Text = message;
      this.Opacity = 0.0;
      SetAlertTheme(type);
      this.Show();

      action = AlertFormAction.Start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.Start();
    }

鼠标悬停警告框处理

想要警告框停留的时间长一些，一中方式是直接设置警告框停留的时间长一些，另一种方式是通过判断鼠标在警告框窗口是否悬停，所以可以通过鼠标的悬停和离开事件进行处理

    private void AlertMessageForm_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
      this.Opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.Interval = int.MaxValue;//警告框停留时间
      action = AlertFormAction.Close;
    }

    private void AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      this.Opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
      action = AlertFormAction.Close;
    }

警告框的完整代码

  public enum AlertType
  {
    Info,
    Success,
    Warning,
    Error
  }

  public enum AlertFormAction
  {
    Start,
    Wait,
    Close
  }

  public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
  {
    public AlertMessageForm()
    {
      InitializeComponent();
    }

    private int x, y;
    private AlertFormAction action;

    private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      switch (action)
      {
        case AlertFormAction.Start:
          timer1.Interval = 50;//警告显示的时间
          this.Opacity += 0.1;
          if (this.Opacity == 1.0)
          {
            action = AlertFormAction.Wait;
          }
          break;
        case AlertFormAction.Wait:
          timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
          action = AlertFormAction.Close;
          break;
        case AlertFormAction.Close:
          timer1.Interval = 50;//警告关闭的时间
          this.Opacity -= 0.1;
          if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
          {
            this.Close();
          }
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }

    public void Show(string message, AlertType type)
    {
      // 设置窗口启始位置
      this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

      // 设置程序每个打开的消息窗口的位置，超过10个就不做处理，这个可以根据自己的需求设定
      string fname;
      for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
      {
        fname = "alert" + i.ToString();
        AlertMessageForm alert = (AlertMessageForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
        if (alert == null)
        {
          this.Name = fname;
          this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
          this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
          this.Location = new Point(x, y);
          break;
        }
      }

      labelContent.Text = message;
      this.Opacity = 0.0;
      SetAlertTheme(type);
      this.Show();

      action = AlertFormAction.Start;
      //启动时钟
      timer1.Start();
    }

    private void AlertMessageForm_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
      this.Opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.Interval = int.MaxValue;//警告框停留时间
      action = AlertFormAction.Close;
    }

    private void AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      this.Opacity = 1.0;
      timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留时间
      action = AlertFormAction.Close;
    }

    private void buttonClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      // 注销鼠标事件
      this.MouseLeave-= new System.EventHandler(this.AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave);
      this.MouseMove -= new System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventHandler(this.AlertMessageForm_MouseMove);

      timer1.Interval = 50;//警告关闭的时间
      this.Opacity -= 0.1;
      if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
      {
        this.Close();
      }
    }

    // 设置警告框主题
    private void SetAlertTheme(AlertType type)
    {
      switch (type)
      {
        case AlertType.Info:
          this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.info;
          this.BackColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
          break;
        case AlertType.Success:
          this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.success;
          this.BackColor = Color.SeaGreen;
          break;
        case AlertType.Warning:
          this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.warning;
          this.BackColor = Color.DarkOrange;
          break;
        case AlertType.Error:
          this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.error;
          this.BackColor = Color.DarkRed;
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }
  }

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