ubuntu中利用nginx部署vue项目的完整步骤

1.安装nginx

更新源列表

apt-get update

安装nginx

apt-get install nginx

检查nginx是否安装，输入如下命令后若出现版本号则安装成功

nginx -v

启动nginx

server nginx restart

在浏览器输入ip地址，若出现如下页面则启动成功

2. 打包上传vue项目到服务器

打包

我的项目使用的是vs code，在终端输入如下命令进行打包

npm run build

上传

打包完成后会有dist文件，该文件为打包完成后的项目,该文件中有index.html和static两个内容。

将该dist文件上传到服务器的某个位置即可

我上传到/home/ubuntu文件中

配置nginx

修改nginx.conf

安装nginx后，nginx的默认目录是/etc/nginx

在该目录中有nginx.conf文件，输入如下命令，使用vi打开该文件

vi nginx.conf

我的nginx.conf文件原内容如下

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;

events {
	worker_connections 768;
	# multi_accept on;
}

http {

	##
	# Basic Settings
	##

	sendfile on;
	tcp_nopush on;
	tcp_nodelay on;
	keepalive_timeout 65;
	types_hash_max_size 2048;
	# server_tokens off;

	# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
	# server_name_in_redirect off;

	include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
	default_type application/octet-stream;

	##
	# SSL Settings
	##

	ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

	##
	# Logging Settings
	##

	access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
	error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

	##
	# Gzip Settings
	##

	gzip on;

	# gzip_vary on;
	# gzip_proxied any;
	# gzip_comp_level 6;
	# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
	# gzip_http_version 1.1;
	# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

	##
	# Virtual Host Configs
	##

	include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
	include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


#mail {
#	# See sample authentication script at:
#	# http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
# 
#	# auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#	# pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#	# imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:110;
#		protocol   pop3;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:143;
#		protocol   imap;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
#}

在http模块中加入如下内容,表示配置文件要引用hosts文件夹下的host后缀的文件。该host后缀文件就是用来配置vue项目的，一个host文件配置一个vue项目

include /etc/nginx/hosts/*.host;

修改后文件如下

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;

events {
	worker_connections 768;
	# multi_accept on;
}

http {

	##
	# Basic Settings
	##

	sendfile on;
	tcp_nopush on;
	tcp_nodelay on;
	keepalive_timeout 65;
	types_hash_max_size 2048;
	# server_tokens off;

	# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
	# server_name_in_redirect off;

	include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
	default_type application/octet-stream;

	##
	# SSL Settings
	##

	ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

	##
	# Logging Settings
	##

	access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
	error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

	##
	# Gzip Settings
	##

	gzip on;

	# gzip_vary on;
	# gzip_proxied any;
	# gzip_comp_level 6;
	# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
	# gzip_http_version 1.1;
	# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

	##
	# Virtual Host Configs
	##

	include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
	include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
	include /etc/nginx/hosts/*.host;#新添加的一行
}


#mail {
#	# See sample authentication script at:
#	# http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
# 
#	# auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#	# pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#	# imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:110;
#		protocol   pop3;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:143;
#		protocol   imap;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
#}

创建*.host文件

在/etc/nginx中创建hosts文件夹

mkdir hosts

在host文件中创建syt.host文件，文件名随便命名

在文件中添加如下内容

server {
        listen       8080;#自己设置端口号
        server_name  syt;#自己设置项目名称
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   /home/ubuntu/dist;#这里写vue项目的所在地址
            index  index.html;#这里是vue项目的首页，需要保证dist中有index.html文件
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;#错误页面
    
       
    }

重启nginx

nginx -s reload

访问vue项目

ip:port/index.html即可进行访问

常见错误

浏览器访问时显示403

这个问题有多种原因，我当时遇到的原因是该项目所在的文件没有权限访问。我的项目所在文件是/home/ububtu/dist

使用如下命令保证可以访问(比较暴力qaq)

chmod -R 777 home

chmod -R 777 ubuntu

chmod -R 777 dist

总结

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