Java Apollo是如何实现配置更新的

这篇文档主要关注下配置修改后对应的 Java 对象是如何更新，并不关注整体的配置改动流程

所有代码都来自 apollo-client 项目

更新流程

在 Apollo 控制台进行配置修改并发布后，对应的 client 端拉取到更新后，会调用到 com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.property.AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener#onChange 方法

在调用 onChange 会收到对应的修改的配置信息 ConfigChangeEvent， 其中包含改动的 key 和 value, 则改动流程如下：

1. 根据改动的配置的 key 从 springValueRegistry 找到对应的关联到这个 key 的 Spring Bean 信息，如果找不到则不处理
2. 根据找到的 Spring Bean 信息，进行对应关联配置的更新

在第二步中会判断关联配置是用过属性关联还是方法进行关联的，代码如下

public void update(Object newVal) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
  if (isField()) {
    injectField(newVal);
  } else {
    injectMethod(newVal);
  }
}

在上面的问题中，还有两个问题存疑

1. 如何通过 key 找到对应的 Spring Bean 信息
2. 如何将 Apollo 的配置值转换为 Spring 的识别的值

public class AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener implements ConfigChangeListener{
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener.class);

 private final boolean typeConverterHasConvertIfNecessaryWithFieldParameter;
 private final Environment environment;
 private final ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory;
 private final TypeConverter typeConverter;
 private final PlaceholderHelper placeholderHelper;
 private final SpringValueRegistry springValueRegistry;
 private final Gson gson;

 public AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener(Environment environment, ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory){
  this.typeConverterHasConvertIfNecessaryWithFieldParameter = testTypeConverterHasConvertIfNecessaryWithFieldParameter();
  this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
  this.typeConverter = this.beanFactory.getTypeConverter();
  this.environment = environment;
  this.placeholderHelper = SpringInjector.getInstance(PlaceholderHelper.class);
  this.springValueRegistry = SpringInjector.getInstance(SpringValueRegistry.class);
  this.gson = new Gson();
 }

 @Override
 public void onChange(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent) {
  Set<String> keys = changeEvent.changedKeys();
  if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keys)) {
   return;
  }
  for (String key : keys) {
   // 1. check whether the changed key is relevant
   Collection<SpringValue> targetValues = springValueRegistry.get(beanFactory, key);
   if (targetValues == null || targetValues.isEmpty()) {
    continue;
   }

   // 2. update the value
   for (SpringValue val : targetValues) {
    updateSpringValue(val);
   }
  }
 }

 private void updateSpringValue(SpringValue springValue) {
  try {
   Object value = resolvePropertyValue(springValue);
   springValue.update(value);

   logger.info("Auto update apollo changed value successfully, new value: {}, {}", value,
     springValue);
  } catch (Throwable ex) {
   logger.error("Auto update apollo changed value failed, {}", springValue.toString(), ex);
  }
 }

 /**
  * Logic transplanted from DefaultListableBeanFactory
  * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory#doResolveDependency(org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor, java.lang.String, java.util.Set, org.springframework.beans.TypeConverter)
  */
 private Object resolvePropertyValue(SpringValue springValue) {
  // value will never be null, as @Value and @ApolloJsonValue will not allow that
  Object value = placeholderHelper
    .resolvePropertyValue(beanFactory, springValue.getBeanName(), springValue.getPlaceholder());

  if (springValue.isJson()) {
   value = parseJsonValue((String)value, springValue.getGenericType());
  } else {
   if (springValue.isField()) {
    // org.springframework.beans.TypeConverter#convertIfNecessary(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class, java.lang.reflect.Field) is available from Spring 3.2.0+
    if (typeConverterHasConvertIfNecessaryWithFieldParameter) {
     value = this.typeConverter
       .convertIfNecessary(value, springValue.getTargetType(), springValue.getField());
    } else {
     value = this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(value, springValue.getTargetType());
    }
   } else {
    value = this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(value, springValue.getTargetType(),
      springValue.getMethodParameter());
   }
  }

  return value;
 }

 private Object parseJsonValue(String json, Type targetType) {
  try {
   return gson.fromJson(json, targetType);
  } catch (Throwable ex) {
   logger.error("Parsing json '{}' to type {} failed!", json, targetType, ex);
   throw ex;
  }
 }

 private boolean testTypeConverterHasConvertIfNecessaryWithFieldParameter() {
  try {
   TypeConverter.class.getMethod("convertIfNecessary", Object.class, Class.class, Field.class);
  } catch (Throwable ex) {
   return false;
  }
  return true;
 }
}

如何将配置 key 和 Spring Bean 关联起来

在 Spring 常见配置包括 2 种

public class ApiConfig {
 
 	// 1. 直接在 Field 是进行注入
  @Value("${feifei.appId}")
  protected String appId;

  protected String predUrl;

 	// 2. 在方法上进行注入
  @Value("${predUrl}")
  public void setPredUrl(String predUrl) {
    this.predUrl = predUrl;
  }
}

在 Apollo 代码中，通过实现 BeanPostProcessor 接口来检测所有的Spring Bean 的创建过程，在 Spring Bean 创建的过程中会调用对应的 org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization 和 org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization 方法。

Apollo 通过在 Bean 生成过程中，检测 Bean 类中属性和方法是否存在 @Value 注解，如果存在，提出其中的 key, 其处理方法在 processField 和 processMethod 分别处理 Field 和 Method 中可能出现的 @Value 注解。如果存在注解则将对应的信息存到 SpringValue 对应 springValueRegistry 全局对象中，方便在其它地方可以直接获取。

在属性除了通过 @Value 注入，也可以用过 xml 进行配置，在这种情况通过 processBeanPropertyValues 方法来处理

通过两种处理方式就可以将 key 和对应的 Spring Bean 信息关联起来

public class SpringValueProcessor extends ApolloProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor, BeanFactoryAware {

 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringValueProcessor.class);

 private final ConfigUtil configUtil;
 private final PlaceholderHelper placeholderHelper;
 private final SpringValueRegistry springValueRegistry;

 private BeanFactory beanFactory;
 private Multimap<String, SpringValueDefinition> beanName2SpringValueDefinitions;

 public SpringValueProcessor() {
  configUtil = ApolloInjector.getInstance(ConfigUtil.class);
  placeholderHelper = SpringInjector.getInstance(PlaceholderHelper.class);
  springValueRegistry = SpringInjector.getInstance(SpringValueRegistry.class);
  beanName2SpringValueDefinitions = LinkedListMultimap.create();
 }

 @Override
 public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)
   throws BeansException {
  if (configUtil.isAutoUpdateInjectedSpringPropertiesEnabled() && beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
   beanName2SpringValueDefinitions = SpringValueDefinitionProcessor
     .getBeanName2SpringValueDefinitions((BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory);
  }
 }

 @Override
 public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
   throws BeansException {
  if (configUtil.isAutoUpdateInjectedSpringPropertiesEnabled()) {
   super.postProcessBeforeInitialization(bean, beanName);
   processBeanPropertyValues(bean, beanName);
  }
  return bean;
 }


 @Override
 protected void processField(Object bean, String beanName, Field field) {
  // register @Value on field
  Value value = field.getAnnotation(Value.class);
  if (value == null) {
   return;
  }
  Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(value.value());

  if (keys.isEmpty()) {
   return;
  }

  for (String key : keys) {
   SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, value.value(), bean, beanName, field, false);
   springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue);
   logger.debug("Monitoring {}", springValue);
  }
 }

 @Override
 protected void processMethod(Object bean, String beanName, Method method) {
  //register @Value on method
  Value value = method.getAnnotation(Value.class);
  if (value == null) {
   return;
  }
  //skip Configuration bean methods
  if (method.getAnnotation(Bean.class) != null) {
   return;
  }
  if (method.getParameterTypes().length != 1) {
   logger.error("Ignore @Value setter {}.{}, expecting 1 parameter, actual {} parameters",
     bean.getClass().getName(), method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes().length);
   return;
  }

  Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(value.value());

  if (keys.isEmpty()) {
   return;
  }

  for (String key : keys) {
   SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, value.value(), bean, beanName, method, false);
   springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue);
   logger.info("Monitoring {}", springValue);
  }
 }


 private void processBeanPropertyValues(Object bean, String beanName) {
  Collection<SpringValueDefinition> propertySpringValues = beanName2SpringValueDefinitions
    .get(beanName);
  if (propertySpringValues == null || propertySpringValues.isEmpty()) {
   return;
  }

  for (SpringValueDefinition definition : propertySpringValues) {
   try {
    PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils
      .getPropertyDescriptor(bean.getClass(), definition.getPropertyName());
    Method method = pd.getWriteMethod();
    if (method == null) {
     continue;
    }
    SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(definition.getKey(), definition.getPlaceholder(),
      bean, beanName, method, false);
    springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, definition.getKey(), springValue);
    logger.debug("Monitoring {}", springValue);
   } catch (Throwable ex) {
    logger.error("Failed to enable auto update feature for {}.{}", bean.getClass(),
      definition.getPropertyName());
   }
  }

  // clear
  beanName2SpringValueDefinitions.removeAll(beanName);
 }

 @Override
 public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
  this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
 }
}

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