PHP Parse Error: syntax error, unexpected $end 错误的解决办法

$a =1;

if($a)
{
 echo $a;
}
else
{

$a =1;

if($a)
{
 echo $a;
}
else
{
}

iconv('UTF-8', 'GB2312//IGNORE', '??')
iconv('UTF-8', 'GBK', '??')

<?php
header("content-Type: text/html; charset=Utf-8");
echo mb_convert_encoding("???S我的友仔", "UTF-8", "GBK");
?>

 $cfg['AllowThirdPartyFraming'] = true;

public static function chinesesubstr($str, $start, $len) { // $str指字符串,$start指字符串的起始位置，$len指字符串长度
        $strlen = $start + $len; // 用$strlen存储字符串的总长度，即从字符串的起始位置到字符串的总长度
        for($i = $start; $i < $strlen;) {
            if (ord ( substr ( $str, $i, 1 ) ) > 0xa0) { // 如果字符串中首个字节的ASCII序数值大于0xa0,则表示汉字
                $tmpstr .= substr ( $str, $i, 2 ); // 每次取出两位字符赋给变量$tmpstr，即等于一个汉字
                $i=$i+2; // 变量自加2
            } else{
                $tmpstr .= substr ( $str, $i, 1 ); // 如果不是汉字，则每次取出一位字符赋给变量$tmpstr
                $i++;
            }
        }
        return $tmpstr; // 返回字符串
    }

public static function chinesesubstr($str, $start, $len) { // $str指字符串,$start指字符串的起始位置，$len指字符串长度
        $strlen = $start + $len; // 用$strlen存储字符串的总长度，即从字符串的起始位置到字符串的总长度
        for($i = $start; $i < $strlen;) {
            if (ord ( substr ( $str, $i, 1 ) ) > 0xa0) { // 如果字符串中首个字节的ASCII序数值大于0xa0,则表示汉字
                $tmpstr .= substr ( $str, $i, 3 ); // 每次取出三位字符赋给变量$tmpstr，即等于一个汉字
                $i=$i+3; // 变量自加3
            } else{
                $tmpstr .= substr ( $str, $i, 1 ); // 如果不是汉字，则每次取出一位字符赋给变量$tmpstr
                $i++;
            }
        }
        return $tmpstr; // 返回字符串
    }

/**
 * Utf-8、gb2312都支持的汉字截取函数
 * cut_str(字符串, 截取长度, 开始长度, 编码);
 * 编码默认为 utf-8
 * 开始长度默认为 0
 */
function cut_str($string, $sublen, $start = 0, $code = 'UTF-8')
{
    if($code == 'UTF-8')
    {
        $pa = "/[x01-x7f]|[xc2-xdf][x80-xbf]|xe0[xa0-xbf][x80-xbf]|[xe1-xef][x80-xbf][x80-xbf]|xf0[x90-xbf][x80-xbf][x80-xbf]|[xf1-xf7][x80-xbf][x80-xbf][x80-xbf]/";
        preg_match_all($pa, $string, $t_string);
        if(count($t_string[0]) - $start > $sublen) return join('', array_slice($t_string[0], $start, $sublen))."…";
        return join('', array_slice($t_string[0], $start, $sublen));
    }
    else
    {
        $start = $start*2;
        $sublen = $sublen*2;
        $strlen = strlen($string);
        $tmpstr = '';
        for($i=0; $i< $strlen; $i++)
        {
            if($i>=$start && $i< ($start+$sublen))
            {
                if(ord(substr($string, $i, 1))>129)
                {
                    $tmpstr.= substr($string, $i, 2);
                }
                else
                {
                    $tmpstr.= substr($string, $i, 1);
                }
            }
            if(ord(substr($string, $i, 1))>129) $i++;
        }
        if(strlen($tmpstr)< $strlen ) $tmpstr.= "…";
        return $tmpstr;
    }
}

<?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie ("TestCookie", "", time() - 3600);
setcookie ("TestCookie", "", time() - 3600, "/~rasmus/", "example.com", 1);
?>

$name = "post_url";
$value =  "";
setcookie($name, $value,  time()+60*60*3, "/" );