php中empty(), is_null(), isset()函数区别

<?php
$a=100;
$b="";
$c=null;
//isset检查
echo "isset","$a=$a",isset($a)?"define":"www.111cN.net undefine","rn";
echo "isset","$b=$b",isset($b)?"define":"undefine","rn";
echo "isset","$c=$c",isset($c)?"define":"undefine","rn";
unset($b);
echo "isset","$b",isset($b)?"define":"undefine","rn";
$b=0;
echo "rnrn";
 
//empty检查
echo "empty","$a=$a",!empty($a)?"no empty":"empty","rn";
echo "empty","$b=$b",!empty($b)?"no empty":"empty","rn";
echo "empty","$c=$c",!empty($c)?"no empty":"empty","rn";
unset($b);
echo "empty","$b",!empty($b)?"no empty":"empty","rn";
$b=0;
echo "rnrn";
 
//is_null检查
echo "is_null","$a=$a",!is_null($a)?"no null":"null","rn";
echo "is_null","$b=$b",!is_null($b)?"no null":"null","rn";
echo "is_null","$c=$c",!is_null($c)?"no null":"null","rn";
unset($b);
echo "is_null","$b",is_null($b)?"no null":"null","rn";

<?php

$test=0;

if($test==''){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //被输出
}

if($test===''){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //不被输出
}

if($test==NULL){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //被输出
}

if($test===NULL){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //不被输出
}

if($test==false){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //被输出
}

if($test===false){
 echo '<br />在php中，0即为空'; //不被输出
}

?>

function eq($v1, $v2) {
if($v1 == $v2 && gettype($v1) == gettype($v2)) {
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}

<?php
//in another_test_class.php
interface AnotherTestInterface {

}

class AnotherTestClass {
    public static function printMe() {
        print "This is Test2::printSelf.n";
    }
    public function doSomething() {
        print "This is Test2::doSomething.n";
    }
    public function doSomethingWithArgs($arg1, $arg2) {
        print 'This is Test2::doSomethingWithArgs with ($arg1 = '.$arg1.' and $arg2 = '.$arg2.").n";
    }
}

<?php
//in class_exist_test.php, 下面测试代码中所需的类和接口位于another_test_class.php，
//由此可以发现规律，类和接口的名称是驼峰风格的，而文件名的单词间是下划线分隔的。
//这里给出了两种__autoload的方式，因为第一种更为常用和方便，因此我们这里将第二种方式注释掉了，他们之间的差别可以查看manual。
function __autoload($classname) {
    $nomilizedClassname = strtolower(preg_replace('/([A-Z]w*)([A-Z]w*)([A-Z]w*)/','${1}_${2}_${3}',$classname));
    require strtolower($nomilizedClassname).".php";
}
//spl_autoload_register(function($classname) {
//    $nomilizedClassname = strtolower(preg_replace('/([A-Z]w*)([A-Z]w*)([A-Z]w*)/','${1}_${2}_${3}',$classname));
//    require strtolower($nomilizedClassname).".php";
//});

print "The following case is tested before executing autoload.n";
if (!class_exists('AnotherTestClass',false)) {
    print "This class doesn't exist if no autoload.n";
}

if (!interface_exists('AnotherTestInterface',false)) {
    print "This interface doesn't exist if no autoload.n";
}

print "nThe following case is tested after executing autoload.n";
if (class_exists('AnotherTestClass',true)) {
    print "This class exists if autoload is set to true.n";
}

if (interface_exists('AnotherTestInterface',true)) {
    print "This interface exists if autoload is set to true.n";
}    

<?php
interface AnotherTestInterface {

}

class AnotherTestClass {
    public static function printMe() {
        print "This is Test2::printSelf.n";
    }
}

print_r(get_declared_interfaces());
print_r(get_declared_classes());   

<?php
function output_array($functionName, $items) {
    print "$functionName.....................n";
    foreach ($items as $key => $value) {
        print '$key = '.$key. ' => $value = '.$value."n";
    }
}

class TestClass {
    public $publicVar = 1;
    private $privateVar = 2;
    static private $staticPrivateVar = "hello";
    static public $staticPublicVar;

    private function privateFunction() {

    }
    function publicFunction() {
        output_array("get_class_methods",get_class_methods(__CLASS__));
        output_array('get_class_vars',get_class_vars(__CLASS__));
        output_array('get_object_vars',get_object_vars($this));
    }
}

$testObj = new TestClass();
print "The following is output within TestClass.n";
$testObj->publicFunction();

print "nThe following is output out of TestClass.n";
output_array('get_class_methods',get_class_methods('TestClass'));
output_array('get_class_vars',get_class_vars('TestClass'));
output_array('get_object_vars',get_object_vars($testObj));    运行结果如下：

bogon:TestPhp liulei$ php class_exist_test.php
The following is output within TestClass.
get_class_methods.....................
$key = 0 => $value = privateFunction
$key = 1 => $value = publicFunction
get_class_vars.....................
$key = publicVar => $value = 1
$key = privateVar => $value = 2
$key = staticPrivateVar => $value = hello
$key = staticPublicVar => $value =
get_object_vars.....................
$key = publicVar => $value = 1
$key = privateVar => $value = 2

The following is output out of TestClass.
get_class_methods.....................
$key = 0 => $value = publicFunction
get_class_vars.....................
$key = publicVar => $value = 1
$key = staticPublicVar => $value =
get_object_vars.....................
$key = publicVar => $value = 14. get_called_class和get_class:

string get_class ([ object $object = NULL ])  www.111Cn.net获取参数对象的类名称。
string get_called_class (void) 静态方法调用时当前的类名称。

<?php
class Base {
    static public function test() {
        var_dump(get_called_class());
    }
}

class Derive extends Base {
}

Base::test();
Derive::test();

var_dump(get_class(new Base()));
var_dump(get_class(new Derive()));   

运行结果如下：

bogon:TestPhp$ php another_test_class.php
string(4) "Base"
string(6) "Derive"
string(4) "Base"
string(6) "Derive"

<?php
class Base {
    static public function test() {
        var_dump(get_called_class());
    }
}

class Derive extends Base {
}

var_dump(get_parent_class(new Derive()));
var_dump(is_a(new Derive(),'Derive'));
var_dump(is_a(new Derive(),'Base'));
var_dump(is_a(new Base(),'Derive'));

var_dump(is_subclass_of(new Derive(),'Derive'));
var_dump(is_subclass_of(new Derive(),'Base'));    运行结果如下：

bogon:TestPhp$ php another_test_class.php
string(4) "Base"
bool(true)
bool(true)
bool(false)
bool(false)
bool(true)

 
<?
class Math{
    public static $pi = 3.14;
    
}
//求一个半径3的园的面积。
$r = 3;
echo "半径是 $r 的面积是<br>";
echo Math::$pi * $r * $r ;
 
echo "<br><br>";
//这里我觉得 3.14 不够精确，我把它设置的更精确。
Math::$pi = 3.141592653589793;
echo "半径是 $r 的面积是<br>";
echo Math::$pi * $r * $r ;
?>

 
<?
//
class Circle{
    public $pi = 3.14;
   
    public static function circleAcreage($r){
      return $r * $r * $this->pi;
    }
}
$r = 3;
echo " 半径 $r 的圆的面积是 " . Circle::circleAcreage($r);
?>