PHP扩展开发教程(总结)

PHP_GINIT_FUNCTION(test){  /** 初始化全局变量 */}//对应的C代码void zm_globals_ctor_test (zend_test_globals *test_globals TSRMLS_DC){  /** 初始化全局变量 */}//在线程退出时，需要将之前自己申请的资源释放时，可以使用 PHP_GSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION来注册析构函数。PHP_GSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(test){  /** 清除全局变量 */}//对应的C代码void zm_globals_dtor_test (zend_test_globals *test_globals TSRMLS_DC){  /** 清除全局变量 */}

int minit_time;PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(test){  minit_time = time(NULL);  return SUCCESS;}PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(test){  FILE *fp=fopen("mshutdown.txt","a+");  fprintf(fp,"%ld/n",time(NULL));  fclose(fp);  return SUCCESS;}int rinit_time;PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(test){  rinit_time = time(NULL);  return SUCCESS;}PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(test){  FILE *fp=fopen("rshutdown.txt","a+");  fprintf(fp,"%ld/n",time(NULL));  fclose(fp);  return SUCCESS;}PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(test){  php_info_print_table_start();  php_info_print_table_header(, "module info", "enabled");  php_info_print_table_end();  /* Remove comments if you have entries in php.ini  DISPLAY_INI_ENTRIES();  */}PHP_FUNCTION(test){  php_printf("%d",time_of_minit);  php_printf("%d",time_of_rinit);  return;}

typedef struct _sapi_globals_struct {  void *server_context;  sapi_request_info request_info;  sapi_headers_struct sapi_headers;  int read_post_bytes;  unsigned char headers_sent;  struct stat global_stat;  char *default_mimetype;  char *default_charset;  HashTable *rfc1867_uploaded_files;  long post_max_size;  int options;  zend_bool sapi_started;  double global_request_time;  HashTable known_post_content_types;  zval *callback_func;  zend_fcall_info_cache fci_cache;  zend_bool callback_run;} sapi_globals_struct;

static int sapi_cgi_send_headers(sapi_headers_struct *sapi_headers TSRMLS_DC){  char buf[SAPI_CGI_MAX_HEADER_LENGTH];  sapi_header_struct *h;  zend_llist_position pos;  long rfc2616_headers = 0;  if(SG(request_info).no_headers == 1) {    return SAPI_HEADER_SENT_SUCCESSFULLY;  }  if (SG(sapi_headers).http_response_code != 200) {    int len;    len = sprintf(buf, "Status: %d/r/n", SG(sapi_headers).http_response_code);    PHPWRITE_H(buf, len);  }  if (SG(sapi_headers).send_default_content_type) {    char *hd;    hd = sapi_get_default_content_type(TSRMLS_C);    PHPWRITE_H("Content-type:", sizeof("Content-type: ")-1);    PHPWRITE_H(hd, strlen(hd));    PHPWRITE_H("/r/n", 2);    efree(hd);  }  h = zend_llist_get_first_ex(&sapi_headers->headers, &pos);  while (h) {    PHPWRITE_H(h->header, h->header_len);    PHPWRITE_H("/r/n", 2);    h = zend_llist_get_next_ex(&sapi_headers->headers, &pos);  }  PHPWRITE_H("/r/n", 2);  return SAPI_HEADER_SENT_SUCCESSFULLY;}

struct _zend_execution_globals { ... HashTable symbol_table;  /* 全局作用域，如果没有进入函数内部，全局＝活动 */ HashTable *active_symbol_table; /* 活动作用域，当前作用域 */ ...}

void describe_zval(zval *foo){  if ( Z_TYPE_P(foo) == IS_NULL )  {    php_printf("这个变量的数据类型是： NULL");  }  else  {    php_printf("这个变量的数据类型不是NULL，这种数据类型对应的数字是： %d", Z_TYPE_P(foo));  }}

//开始定义php语言中的函数gettypePHP_FUNCTION(gettype){  //arg间接指向调用gettype函数时所传递的参数。是一个zval**结构  //所以我们要对他使用__PP后缀的宏。  zval **arg;  //这个if的操作主要是让arg指向参数～  if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "Z", &arg) == FAILURE) {    return;  }  //调用Z_TYPE_PP宏来获取arg指向zval的类型。  //然后是一个switch结构，RETVAL_STRING宏代表这gettype函数返回的字符串类型的值  switch (Z_TYPE_PP(arg)) {    case IS_NULL:      RETVAL_STRING("NULL", 1);      break;    case IS_BOOL:      RETVAL_STRING("boolean", 1);      break;    case IS_LONG:      RETVAL_STRING("integer", 1);      break;    case IS_DOUBLE:      RETVAL_STRING("double", 1);      break;    case IS_STRING:      RETVAL_STRING("string", 1);      break;    case IS_ARRAY:      RETVAL_STRING("array", 1);      break;    case IS_OBJECT:      RETVAL_STRING("object", 1);      break;    case IS_RESOURCE:      {        char *type_name;        type_name = zend_rsrc_list_get_rsrc_type(Z_LVAL_PP(arg) TSRMLS_CC);        if (type_name) {          RETVAL_STRING("resource", 1);          break;        }      }    default:      RETVAL_STRING("unknown type", 1);  }}

PHP_FUNCTION(rot13){ zval **arg; char *ch, cap; int i;   if (ZEND_NUM_ARGS( ) != 1 || zend_get_parameters_ex(1, &arg) == FAILURE) {   WRONG_PARAM_COUNT; } *return_value = **arg; zval_copy_ctor(return_value); convert_to_string(return_value);   for(i=0, ch=return_value->value.str.val;   i<return_value->value.str.len; i++, ch++) {    cap = *ch & 32;    *ch &= ~cap;    *ch = ((*ch>='A') && (*ch<='Z') ? ((*ch-'A'+13) % 26 + 'A') : *ch) | cap;  }}

void display_values(zval boolzv, zval *longpzv, zval **doubleppzv){ if (Z_TYPE(boolzv) == IS_BOOL) {  php_printf("The value of the boolean is : %s/n", Z_BVAL(boolzv) ? "true" : "false"); } if(Z_TYPE_P(longpzv) == IS_LONG) {  php_printf("The value of the long is: %ld/n", Z_LVAL_P(longpzv)); } if(Z_TYPE_PP(doubleppzv) == IS_DOUBLE) {  php_printf("The value of the double is : %f/n", Z_DVAL_PP(doubleppzv)); }}

void display_string(zval *zstr){ if (Z_TYPE_P(zstr) != IS_STRING) {  php_printf("The wronng datatype was passed!/n");  return ; } PHPWRITE(Z_STRVAL_P(zstr), Z_STRLEN_P(zstr));}

void display_zval(zval *value){  switch (Z_TYPE_P(value)) {    case IS_NULL:      /* 如果是NULL，则不输出任何东西 */      break;     case IS_BOOL:      /* 如果是bool类型，并且true，则输出1，否则什么也不干 */      if (Z_BVAL_P(value)) {        php_printf("1");      }      break;    case IS_LONG:      /* 如果是long整型，则输出数字形式 */      php_printf("%ld", Z_LVAL_P(value));      break;    case IS_DOUBLE:      /* 如果是double型，则输出浮点数 */      php_printf("%f", Z_DVAL_P(value));      break;    case IS_STRING:      /* 如果是string型，则二进制安全的输出这个字符串 */      PHPWRITE(Z_STRVAL_P(value), Z_STRLEN_P(value));      break;    case IS_RESOURCE:      /* 如果是资源，则输出Resource #10 格式的东东 */      php_printf("Resource #%ld", Z_RESVAL_P(value));      break;    case IS_ARRAY:      /* 如果是Array，则输出Array5个字母！ */      php_printf("Array");      break;    case IS_OBJECT:      php_printf("Object");      break;    default:      /* Should never happen in practice,       * but it's dangerous to make assumptions       */       php_printf("Unknown");       break;  }} 

PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(consts) //模块初始化时定义常量{  REGISTER_LONG_CONSTANT("CONSTS_MEANING_OF_LIFE", 42, CONST_CS | CONST_PERSISTENT);  REGISTER_DOUBLE_CONSTANT("CONSTS_PI", 3.1415926, CONST_PERSISTENT);  REGISTER_STRING_CONSTANT("CONSTS_NAME", "leon", CONST_CS|CONST_PERSISTENT);}PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(consts) //每次请求时定义常量{  char buffer[40];  srand((int)time(NULL));  snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", rand());  REGISTER_STRING_CONSTANT("CONSTS_RAND", estrdup(buffer), CONST_CS);  return SUCCESS;}

#php-fpm 生成 POST|GET|COOKIE|SERVER|ENV|REQUEST|FILES全局变量的流程php_cgi_startup() -> php_module_startup() -> php_startup_auto_globals() -> 保存变量到symbol_table符号表php_cgi_startup()在 fpm/fpm/fpm_main.c中定义php_module_startup() 在main/main.c中定义php_startup_auto_globals() 在main/php_variables.h中定义zend_hash_update(&EG(symbol_table), "_GET", sizeof("_GET") + 1, &vars, sizeof(zval *), NULL);/* 读取$_SERVER变量 */static PHP_FUNCTION(print_server_vars) {  zval **val;  if (zend_hash_find(&EG(symbol_table), "_SERVER", sizeof("_SERVER"), (void **)&val) == SUCCESS) {    RETURN_ZVAL(*val, 1, 0);  }else{   RETURN_FALSE;  }}/* 读取$_SERVER[$name] */ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO(print_server_var_arginfo, 0)  ZEND_ARG_INFO(0, "name")ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()static PHP_FUNCTION(print_server_var) {  char *name;  int name_len;  zval **val;  HashTable *ht_vars = NULL;  HashPosition pos;  zval **ret_val;  if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "|s!", &name, &name_len) == FAILURE) {    RETURN_NULL();  }  if (zend_hash_find(&EG(symbol_table), "_SERVER", sizeof("_SERVER"), (void **)&val) == SUCCESS) {    ht_vars = Z_ARRVAL_PP(val);    //此处需传入大于name长度+1的值，因为字符串值后面需要'/0'    if (zend_hash_find(ht_vars, name, name_len+1, (void **)&ret_val) == SUCCESS) {       RETURN_STRING(Z_STRVAL_PP(ret_val), 0);    }else{      RETURN_NULL();    }  }else{    RETURN_NULL();  }}

SEARCH_PATH="/usr/local /usr"   #lib搜索的目录SEARCH_FOR="/include/curl/curl.h" #lib头文件的路径if test -r $PHP_LIBS/$SEARCH_FOR; then  LIBS_DIR=$PHP_LIBSelse # search default path list  AC_MSG_CHECKING([for libs files in default path])  for i in $SEARCH_PATH ; do    if test -r $i/$SEARCH_FOR; then      LIBS_DIR=$i        #搜索到的lib的路径      AC_MSG_RESULT(found in $i)    fi  donefi/*验证lib是否存在*/if test -z "$LIBS_DIR"; then  AC_MSG_RESULT([not found])  AC_MSG_ERROR([Please reinstall the libs distribution])fi/*编译的时候添加lib的include目录, -I/usr/include*/PHP_ADD_INCLUDE($LIBS_DIR/include)LIBNAME=curl      #lib名称 LIBSYMBOL=curl_version #lib的一个函数，用来PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY验证lib/*验证lib*/PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY($LIBNAME,$LIBSYMBOL, [  PHP_ADD_LIBRARY_WITH_PATH($LIBNAME, $LIBS_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR, LIBS_SHARED_LIBADD) #编译的时候链接lib, -llibcurl  AC_DEFINE(HAVE_LIBSLIB,1,[ ])],[  AC_MSG_ERROR([wrong libs lib version or lib not found])],[  -L$LIBS_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR -lm]) PHP_SUBST(LIBS_SHARED_LIBADD)

function hello_array_strings($arr) {  if (!is_array($arr)) return NULL;  printf("The array passed contains %d elements ", count($arr));  foreach($arr as $data) {    if (is_string($data)) echo "$data ";  }}

PHP_FUNCTION(hello_array_strings){  zval *arr, **data;  HashTable *arr_hash;  HashPosition pointer;  int array_count;  if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "a", &arr) == FAILURE) {    RETURN_NULL();  }  arr_hash = Z_ARRVAL_P(arr);  array_count = zend_hash_num_elements(arr_hash);  php_printf("The array passed contains %d elements ", array_count);  for(zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(arr_hash, &pointer); zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(arr_hash, (void**) &data, &pointer) == SUCCESS; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(arr_hash, &pointer)) {    if (Z_TYPE_PP(data) == IS_STRING) {      PHPWRITE(Z_STRVAL_PP(data), Z_STRLEN_PP(data));      php_printf(" ");    }  }  RETURN_TRUE;}