php遍历数组高级操作详解

//旧的写法
reset($attributes);
while (list($key, $value) = each($attributes)) {
    //do something
}

//PHP4版本新增
foreach ($attributes as $key => $value){
   //do something
}

Array
(
  [0] => Array
    (
      [name] => chess
      [price] => 12.99
    )

  [1] => Array
    (
      [name] => checkers
      [price] => 9.99
    )

  [2] => Array
    (
      [name] => backgammon
      [price] => 29.99
    )
)

function comparePrice($priceA, $priceB){
    return $priceA['price'] - $priceB['price'];
}

usort($games, 'comparePrice');执行了该程序片段，数组就会被排序，结果如下所示：

Array
(
  [0] => Array
    (
      [name] => checkers
      [price] => 9.99
    )

  [1] => Array
    (
      [name] => chess
      [price] => 12.99
    )

  [2] => Array
    (
      [name] => backgammon
      [price] => 29.99
    )
)

Array
(
  [0] => Array
    (
      [name] => Board
      [games] => Array
        (
          [0] => Array
            (
              [name] => chess
              [price] => 12.99
            )

          [1] => Array
            (
              [name] => checkers
              [price] => 9.99
            )
        )
    )
)

$iterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator($games);
iterator_apply($iterator, 'navigateArray', array($iterator));

function navigateArray($iterator) {
 while ($iterator->valid()) {
  if ($iterator->hasChildren()) {
   navigateArray($iterator->getChildren());
  } else {
   printf("%s: %s", $iterator->key(), $iterator->current());
  }
  $iterator->next();
 } 
}

Array
(
  [0] => Array
    (
      [name] => checkers
      [price] => 9.99
    )

  [1] => Array
    (
      [name] => chess
      [price] => 12.99
    )

  [2] => Array
    (
      [name] => backgammon
      [price] => 29.99
    )
)

function filterGames($game){
 return ($game['price'] < 11.99);
}

$names = array_filter($games, 'filterGames');

class Game {
 public $name;
 public $price;
}

$game = new Game();
$game->name = 'chess';
$game->price = 12.99;

print_r(array($game));执行该例子就会产生如下结果：

Array
(
[0] => Game Object
  (
    [name] => chess
    [price] => 12.99
  )
)

class Game {
 public $name;
 private $_price;

 public function setPrice($price)  {
  $this->_price = $price;
 }
}

$game = new Game();
$game->name = 'chess';
$game->setPrice(12.99);

print_r(array($game));执行该代码片段：

Array
(
[0] => Game Object
  (
    [name] => chess
    [_price:Game:private] => 12.99
  )
)

<?php
$arr = array(
 0=>'madden2011.png',
 1=>'madden2011-1.png',
 2=>'madden2011-2.png',
 3=>'madden2012.png'
);

natsort($arr);
echo "<pre>"; print_r($arr); echo "</pre>";
?>

运行结果：

Array
(
    [1] => madden2011-1.png
    [2] => madden2011-2.png
    [0] => madden2011.png
    [3] => madden2012.png
)

 /*
  update by Leo
  It's draw the pic of Sheet,and it will take all the num on the pic.
 */
 require "./libchart/classes/libchart.php";
 class drawPic{
  var $chart;
  var $style;
  function drawPic($style="1",$width="500",$height="250"){
   $this->style=$style;
   if($style==1){
    //cylinder
    $this->chart = new VerticalBarChart($width,$height);
   }else if($style==2){
    //line
    $this->chart = new LineChart($width,$height);
   }else if($style==3){
    //Lump
    $this->chart = new PieChart($width,$height);
   }else{
    //cross
    $this->chart=new HorizontalBarChart($width,$height);
   }
  }
 
  function draw($obj){
  
   if($this->style==1||$this->style=="1"){
    //cylinder
    $dataSet = new XYDataSet() ;
    $this->chart->setTitle($obj->title);//title
    $arr=array();
    $arr=$obj->dataArray;
    foreach($arr as $key => $val){
     $dataSet->addPoint ( new Point($key,$val)) ;
    }
    $this->chart->setDataSet ( $dataSet ) ;
    $this->chart->render();
   }else if($this->style==2||$this->style=="2"){
    //line
    $this->chart->setTitle($obj->title);//title
    $arr=array();
    $arr=$obj->dataArray;
    $i=0;
    $dataSet = new XYSeriesDataSet();
    foreach($arr as $key => $val){
     $serie{$i}= new XYDataSet();
     foreach($val as $k => $v){
      $serie{$i}->addPoint(new Point($k,$v));
     }
     $dataSet->addSerie($key,$serie{$i});
     $i=$i+1;
    }
    $this->chart->setDataSet($dataSet);
    $this->chart->render();
   }else if($style==3){
    //Lump
    $dataSet = new XYDataSet() ;
    $this->chart->setTitle($obj->title);//title
    $arr=array();
    $arr=$obj->dataArray;
    foreach($arr as $key => $val){
     $dataSet->addPoint ( new Point($key."($val)",$val)) ;
    }
    $this->chart->setDataSet ( $dataSet ) ;
    $this->chart->render();
   }else{
    //cross
    $dataSet = new XYDataSet();
    $this->chart->setTitle($obj->title);//title
    $arr=array();
    $arr=$obj->dataArray;
    foreach($arr as $key => $val){
     $dataSet->addPoint ( new Point($key,$val)) ;
    }
    $this->chart->setDataSet($dataSet);
    $this->chart->render();
   }
  }
 
 }
 class kkk{};
 $n=new drawPic("4");//it will set 1 or 2 or 3 or 4
 $k=new kkk();
 $k->dataArray=array("2000"=>"30","2001"=>"40","2002"=>"50","2003"=>"60","2004"=>"70","2005"=>"80","20020"=>"90");//style==1 or style=2 or style=4
 //$k->dataArray=array("2000"=>"30","2001"=>"40","2002"=>"50","2003"=>"60","2004"=>"70","2005"=>"80","20020"=>"90");//style==3
 //$k->dataArray=array("yi"=>array("2000"=>"30","2001"=>"40","2002"=>"50","2004"=>"60"),"er"=>array("2003"=>"60","2004"=>"70","2005"=>"80","20020"=>"90"),"san"=>array("33"=>"12","45"=>"56","89"=>"45","86"=>"49"));//style==2 and the years will show first array to block.(it will be show 2000 2001 2002 2004)
 $k->title="The Sheet title";
 $n->draw($k);

?>

<?php

   header("content-type:image/png");  

   require_once('libchart/classes/libchart.php');
  
   $chart = new VerticalBarChart( 500 , 250 ) ; // 参数表示需要创建的图像的宽和高

   $dataSet = new XYDataSet() ; // 实例化一个 XY 轴数据对象

     // 为这个对象增加四组数据集合， Point 对象的第一个参数表示 X 轴坐标，
// 第二个表示 Y 轴坐标

   $str = '二月';
   
$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, "html-entities","utf-8" );

$dataSet -> addPoint ( new Point( "Jan 2005" , 273 )) ;

    $dataSet -> addPoint ( new Point( "$str" , 120 )) ;

    $dataSet -> addPoint ( new Point( "March 2005" , 442 )) ;

    $dataSet -> addPoint ( new Point( "April 2005" , 600 )) ;

     // 把这个数据集合传递给图形对象

    $chart -> setDataSet ( $dataSet ) ;

    // 设置图形的标题，并把它作为一个 png 文件渲染

    $chart -> setTitle ( "统计图" ) ;
   
    //$chart -> render ( "demo/generated/demo1.png" ) ;
    // 这里需要一个路径和文件名称
    //就这么简单一个像下图一样美丽的柱状图就出来了

    $chart -> render () ; 

?>

public function setTitle($title) {
        $title = mb_convert_encoding($title, "html-entities","utf-8" );

           $this->plot->setTitle($title);

}

$this->fontCondensed = dirname(__FILE__) . "/../fonts/DejaVuSansCondensed.ttf";
$this->fontCondensedBold = dirname(__FILE__) . "/../fonts/DejaVuSansCondensed-Bold.ttf";

改为

$this->fontCondensed = dirname(__FILE__) . "/../fonts/你找来的中文字体";
$this->fontCondensedBold = dirname(__FILE__) . "/../fonts/你找来的中文字体";

public function Text() {
    $baseDir = dirname(__FILE__) . "/../../../";
 
    // Free low-res fonts based on Bitstream Vera <http://dejavu.sourceforge.net/wiki/>
   $this->fontCondensed = $baseDir . "fonts/FANGZHENGFANGSONG.ttf";
    $this->fontCondensedBold = $baseDir . "fonts/FANGZHENGFANGSONG.ttf";
   }

1.冒泡算法,排序算法，由于在排序过程中总是小数往前放，大数往后放，相当于气泡往上升，所以称作冒泡排序

$array = array(a,f,c,b,e,h,j,i,g); 

   function maopao_fun($array){ 

       if($len <= 1) { 

           return $arr; 

       } 

       $count = count($array); 

       for($i=0;$i<$count;$i++){ 

           for($j=$count-1;$j>$i;$j--){ 

               if($array[$j] > $array[$j-1]){ 

                   $tmp = $array[$j]; 

                   $array[$j] = $array[$j-1]; 

                   $array[$j-1] = $tmp; 

               } 

           } 

       } 

       return $array; 

   } 

2.快速排序,
快速排序（Quicksort）是对冒泡排序的一种改进。
由C. A. R. Hoare在1962年提出。它的基本思想是：通过一趟排序将要排序的数据分割成独立的两部分，
其中一部分的所有数据都比另外一部分的所有数据都要小，然后再按此方法对这两部分数据分别进行快速排序，
整个排序过程可以递归进行，以此达到整个数据变成有序序列。

function quickSort($arr){ 

       $len = count($arr); 

       if($len <= 1) { 

           return $arr; 

       } 

       $key = $arr[0]; 

       $left_arr    = array(); 

       $right_arr    = array(); 

       for($i=1; $i<$len; $i++){ 

           if($arr[$i] <= $key){ 

               $left_arr[] = $arr[$i]; 

           } else { 

               $right_arr[] = $arr[$i]; 

           } 

       } 

       $left_arr    = quickSort($left_arr); 

       $right_arr    = quickSort($right_arr); 

       return array_merge($left_arr, array($key), $right_arr); 

   } 

function select_sort($arr){ 

    $count = count($arr); 

    for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){ 

        for($j=$i+1; $j<$count; $j++){ 

            if ($arr[$i] > $arr[$j]){ 

                $tmp = $arr[$i]; 

                $arr[$i] = $arr[$j]; 

                $arr[$j] = $tmp; 

            } 

        } 

    } 

    return $arr; 

} 

function insert_sort($arr){ 

        $count = count($arr); 

        for($i=1; $i<$count; $i++){ 

            $tmp = $arr[$i]; 

            $j = $i - 1; 

            while($arr[$j] > $tmp){ 

                $arr[$j+1] = $arr[$j]; 

                $arr[$j] = $tmp; 

                $j--; 

            } 

        } 

        return $arr; 

    } 

    $arr = array(49,38,65,97,76,13,27); 

    print_r(insert_sort($arr));

<?php
/**
 * 四种排序算法设计（PHP）
 *
 * 1) 插入排序(Insertion Sort)的基本思想是：
   每次将一个待排序的记录，按其关键字大小插入到前面已经排好序的子文件中的适当位置，直到全部记录插入完成为止。
   2) 选择排序(Selection Sort)的基本思想是：
      每一趟从待排序的记录中选出关键字最小的记录，顺序放在已排好序的子文件的最后，直到全部记录排序完毕。
   3) 冒泡排序的基本思想是：
      两两比较待排序记录的关键字，发现两个记录的次序相反时即进行交换，直到没有反序的记录为止。
   4) 快速排序实质上和冒泡排序一样，都是属于交换排序的一种应用。所以基本思想和上面的冒泡排序是一样的。
 *
 * @author quanshuidingdang
 */
class Sort {
 private $arr  = array(); 
 private $sort = 'insert';
 private $marker = '_sort';
 
 private $debug = TRUE;
 
 /**
  * 构造函数
  *
  * @param array 例如： $config = array (
         'arr' => array(22,3,41,18) ,  //需要排序的数组值
         'sort' => 'insert',      //可能值: insert, select, bubble, quick
         'debug' => TRUE        //可能值: TRUE, FALSE
         )
  */
 public function __construct($config = array()) {
  if ( count($config) > 0) {
   $this->_init($config);
  }
 }
 
 /**
  * 获取排序结果
  */
 public function display() {
  return $this->arr;
 }
 
 /**
  * 初始化
  *
  * @param array
  * @return  bool
  */
 private function _init($config = array()) {
  //参数判断
  if ( !is_array($config) OR count($config) == 0) {
   if ($this->debug === TRUE) {
    $this->_log("sort_init_param_invaild");
   }
   return FALSE;
  }
  
  //初始化成员变量
  foreach ($config as $key => $val) {
   if ( isset($this->$key)) {
    $this->$key = $val;
   }
  }
  
  //调用相应的成员方法完成排序
  $method = $this->sort . $this->marker;
  if ( ! method_exists($this, $method)) {
   if ($this->debug === TRUE) {
    $this->_log("sort_method_invaild");
   }
   return FALSE;
  }
  
  if ( FALSE === ($this->arr = $this->$method($this->arr)))
   return FALSE;
  return TRUE;
 }
 
 /**
  * 插入排序
  *
  * @param array
  * @return bool
  */
 private function insert_sort($arr) {
  //参数判断
  if ( ! is_array($arr) OR count($arr) == 0) {
   if ($this->debug === TRUE) {
    $this->_log("sort_array(insert)_invaild");
   }
   return FALSE;
  }
  
  //具体实现
  $count = count($arr);
  for ($i = 1; $i < $count; $i++) {
   $tmp = $arr[$i];
   for($j = $i-1; $j >= 0; $j--) { 
    if($arr[$j] > $tmp) {
     $arr[$j+1] = $arr[$j];
     $arr[$j] = $tmp;
    }
   }
  }
  return $arr;
 }
 
 /**
  * 选择排序
  *
  * @param array
  * @return bool
  */
 private function select_sort($arr) {
  //参数判断
  if ( ! is_array($arr) OR count($arr) == 0) {
   if ($this->debug === TRUE) {
    $this->_log("sort_array(select)_invaild");
   }
   return FALSE;
  }
  
  //具体实现
  $count = count($arr);
  for ($i = 0; $i < $count-1; $i++) {
   $min = $i;
   for ($j = $i+1; $j < $count; $j++) {
    if ($arr[$min] > $arr[$j])  $min = $j;
   }
   if ($min != $i) {
    $tmp = $arr[$min];
    $arr[$min] = $arr[$i];
    $arr[$i] = $tmp;
   }
  }
  return $arr;
 }
 
 /**
  * 冒泡排序
  *
  * @param array
  * @return bool
  */
 private function bubble_sort($arr) {
  //参数判断
  if ( ! is_array($arr) OR count($arr) == 0) {
   if ($this->debug === TRUE) {
    $this->_log("sort_array(bubble)_invaild");
   }
   return FALSE;
  }
  
  //具体实现
  $count = count($arr);
  for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
   for ($j = $count-1; $j > $i; $j--) {
    if ($arr[$j] < $arr[$j-1]) {
     $tmp = $arr[$j];
     $arr[$j] = $arr[$j-1];
     $arr[$j-1] = $tmp;
    }
   }
  }
  return $arr; 
 }
 
 /**
  * 快速排序
  *
  * @param array
  * @return bool
  */
 private function quick_sort($arr) {
  //具体实现
  if (count($arr) <= 1) return $arr;
  $key = $arr[0];
  $left_arr = array();
  $right_arr = array();
  for ($i = 1; $i < count($arr); $i++){
   if ($arr[$i] <= $key)
    $left_arr[] = $arr[$i];
   else
    $right_arr[] = $arr[$i];
  }
  $left_arr = $this->quick_sort($left_arr);
  $right_arr = $this->quick_sort($right_arr);

  return array_merge($left_arr, array($key), $right_arr);
 }
 
 /**
  * 日志记录
  */
 private function _log($msg) {
  $msg = 'date[' . date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . '] ' . $msg . 'n';
  return @file_put_contents('sort_err.log', $msg, FILE_APPEND);
 }
}

/*End of file sort.php*/
/*Location htdocs/sort.php */

$fp = fopen("/tmp/lock.txt", "w+");
if (flock($fp, LOCK_EX)) {
    fwrite($fp, "Write something heren");
    flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
} else {
    echo "Couldn't lock the file !";
}
fclose($fp);

if($fp = fopen($fileName, 'a')) {
 $startTime = microtime();
 do {
         $canWrite = flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
  if(!$canWrite) usleep(round(rand(0, 100)*1000));
 } while ((!$canWrite) ＆＆ ((microtime()-$startTime) &lt; 1000));
 if ($canWrite) {
   fwrite($fp, $dataToSave);
 }
 fclose($fp);
}

$dir_fileopen = "tmp";
 
function randomid() {
    return time().substr(md5(microtime()), 0, rand(5, 12));
}
function cfopen($filename, $mode） {
    global $dir_fileopen;
    clearstatcache();
    do {
        $id = md5(randomid(rand(), TRUE));
        $tempfilename = $dir_fileopen."/".$id.md5($filename);
    } while(file_exists($tempfilename));
    if (file_exists($filename)) {
        $newfile = false;
        copy($filename, $tempfilename);
    }else{
        $newfile = true;
    }
    $fp = fopen($tempfilename, $mode);
    return $fp ? array($fp, $filename, $id, @filemtime($filename)) : false;
}
function cfwrite($fp,$string) { return fwrite($fp[0], $string); }
function cfclose($fp, $debug = "off") {
    global $dir_fileopen;
    $success = fclose($fp[0]);
    clearstatcache();
    $tempfilename = $dir_fileopen."/".$fp[2].md5($fp[1]);
    if ((@filemtime($fp[1]) == $fp[3]) || ($fp[4]==true &amp;&amp; !file_exists($fp[1])) || $fp[5]==true) {
        rename($tempfilename, $fp[1]);
    }else{
        unlink($tempfilename);
  //说明有其它进程 在操作目标文件，当前进程被拒绝
        $success = false;
    }
    return $success;
}
$fp = cfopen('lock.txt','a+');
cfwrite($fp,"welcome to beijing.n");
fclose($fp,'on');

<?php
//填充图表的参数
$ChartDiameter = 60; //图表直径
$ChartData = array(30,70);//用于生成图表的数据，可通过数据库来取得来确定也可以多个不过和颜色数组对应
//把角度转换为弧度
function radians($degrees){return($degrees*(pi()/180.0));}
//取得在圆心为（0，0）圆上 x,y点的值
function circle_point($degrees,$diameter){$x=cos(radians($degrees))*($diameter/2);$y=sin(radians($degrees))*($diameter/2);return (array($x,$y));}
//确定图形的大小
$ChartWidth = $ChartDiameter + 20;
$ChartHeight = $ChartDiameter + 20;
//确定统计的总数
$ChartTotal = “”;
for($index = 0;$index < count($ChartData);$index++){
$ChartTotal += $ChartData[$index];
}
$ChartCenterX = $ChartDiameter/2 + 10;
$ChartCenterY = $ChartDiameter/2 + 10;
//生成空白图形
$image = imagecreate($ChartWidth, $ChartHeight);
//分配颜色
$colorBody = imagecolorallocate($image, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
$colorBorder = imagecolorallocate($image, 0×00, 0×00, 0×00);
$colorText = imagecolorallocate($image, 0×00, 0×00, 0×00);
$colorSlice[] = imagecolorallocate($image, 0xFF, 0×00, 0×00);//这里是和你上面写的数组对应的颜色
$colorSlice[] = imagecolorallocate($image, 0×00, 0xFF, 0×00);
//填充背境
imagefill($image, 0, 0, $colorBody);
//画每一个扇形
$Degrees = 0;
for($index = 0; $index < count($ChartData); $index++){
$StartDegrees = round($Degrees);
$Degrees += (($ChartData[$index]/$ChartTotal)*360);
$EndDegrees = round($Degrees);
$CurrentColor = $colorSlice[$index%(count($colorSlice))];
//画图F
imagearc($image,$ChartCenterX,$ChartCenterY,$ChartDiameter,$ChartDiameter,$StartDegrees,$EndDegrees, $CurrentColor);
//画直线
list($ArcX, $ArcY) = circle_point($StartDegrees, $ChartDiameter);
imageline($image,$ChartCenterX,$ChartCenterY,floor($ChartCenterX + $ArcX),
floor($ChartCenterY + $ArcY),$CurrentColor);
//画直线
list($ArcX, $ArcY) = circle_point($EndDegrees, $ChartDiameter);
imageline($image,$ChartCenterX,$ChartCenterY,ceil($ChartCenterX + $ArcX),
ceil($ChartCenterY + $ArcY),$CurrentColor);
//填充扇形
$MidPoint = round((($EndDegrees – $StartDegrees)/2) + $StartDegrees);
list($ArcX, $ArcY) = circle_point($MidPoint, $ChartDiameter/2);
imagefilltoborder($image,floor($ChartCenterX + $ArcX),floor($ChartCenterY + $ArcY),
$CurrentColor,$CurrentColor);
}
//到此脚本 已经生了一幅图像的，现在需要的是把它发到浏览器上，重要的一点是要将标头发给浏览器，让它知道是一个GIF文件。不然的话你只能看到一堆奇怪的乱码
header(“Content-type: image/png”);
imagegif($image);
?>